Ntshiab vanillintshuaj lub npe yog 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, tseem hu ua methylprotocechualdehyde thiab vanillin. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb broad-spectrum high-end tsw, thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov txuj lom loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no los ntawm 2019. Nws muaj ib tug qab zib taum tsw thiab hmoov tsw, thiab yuav siv tau raws li ib tug kho tus neeg sawv cev, kev sib koom tes tus neeg sawv cev thiab flavoring agent. Nws yog dav siv hauv zaub mov, dej haus, tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj niaj hnub, tshuaj thiab lwm yam lag luam. Qhov kev faib ua feem siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam downstream yog kwv yees li 50 feem pua rau cov khoom noj ntxiv, 20 feem pua rau cov tshuaj nruab nrab, 20 feem pua rau cov khoom noj ntxiv, thiab li 10 feem pua rau lwm lub hom phiaj.
Vanillin yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb tam sim no, thiab muaj lub koob npe nrov ntawm "tus huab tais ntawm cov khoom noj qab zib". Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua ib qho tsw qab hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, thiab siv rau hauv ncuav mog qab zib, ice cream, dej qab zib, chocolate, ci khoom qab zib thiab cawv. Cov nyiaj ntxiv hauv cov ncuav qab zib thiab ncuav qab zib yog {{0}}}01 feem pua ~0.04 feem pua , 0.02 feem pua ~ 0.08 feem pua hauv cov khoom qab zib, qhov siab tshaj plaws siv cov zaub mov ci yog 220mg · kg-1, thiab qhov siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov qhob noom xim kasfes yog 970mg · kg-1, Nws kuj tseem siv tau los ua zaub mov noj additive hauv ntau yam khoom noj thiab khoom noj; Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj tsw qab hauv cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab lub ntsej muag cream; Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj txhua hnub, nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj txhua hnub los hloov cov tshuaj tsw qab; Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, nws yog siv los ua defoamer, vulcanizing tus neeg sawv cev thiab tshuaj ua ntej; Nws kuj tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsom xam thiab kev tshawb nrhiav, xws li kuaj cov amino tebchaw thiab qee cov kua qaub; Hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj, nws yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev los tiv thaiv cov ntxhiab tsw. Vim hais tias vanillin nws tus kheej muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj nruab nrab hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj, suav nrog kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Vanillin muaj qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant thiab tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, thiab tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv cov teeb liab kis ntawm cov kab mob. Cov peev txheej no yuav txhawb kev loj hlob sai ntawm vanillin kev lag luam xav tau yav tom ntej. Los ntawm 2019, kev noj txhua xyoo ntawm vanillin hauv kev ua lag luam thoob ntiaj teb yuav yog li 20000 tons.
Muaj peb txoj kev npaj tseem ceeb ntawm vanillin:
① Nws yog muab rho tawm ncaj qha los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntuj xws li vanilla taum, tab sis tus nqi ntawm txoj kev no yog siab thiab tawm los tsawg.
② Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj, siv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov roj av ua cov khoom siv raw, tab sis cov vanillin tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis muaj ib qho tsw thiab yooj yim ua rau muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig, uas tsis sib haum nrog kev noj cov khoom siv raw. nyob rau hauv lub downstream daim ntawv thov kev lag luam.
③ Vanillin tau npaj los ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv eugenol thiab ferulic acid ua cov khoom siv raw.
Antimicrobial mechanism ntawm vanillin:
Kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm vanillin feem ntau suav nrog peb yam: ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membrane thiab rhuav tshem kev ncaj ncees ntawm daim nyias nyias; Nws ua rau cov enzymes kom inactivates tseem ceeb enzymes; Nws ua rau cov khoom siv noob caj noob ces kom inactivate genetic khoom lossis rhuav tshem nws cov qauv.
Ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov cell membrane
Cov pab pawg phenolic hauv vanillin muaj hydrophobicity, thiab qis dua tus nqi pH, qhov muaj zog ntawm hydrophobicity, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov cell membrane tsis ruaj khov, rhuav tshem cov qauv ntawm cov cell membrane, ua rau cov phab ntsa cell zoo li concave, cell membrane protrudes sab hauv, thiab cytoplasm condenses thiab vacuoles tsim.
Txawm li cas los xij, vanillin muaj ntau qib kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlwb sib txawv. Cov phab ntsa ntawm tes ntawm cov kab mob gram-zoo yog tuab dua li ntawm cov kab mob gram-tsis zoo, thiab cov qib ntawm kev sib txuas yog siab, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm vanillin. Cov kab mob gram-tsis zoo muaj cov qauv xoob thiab muaj cov lipids ntau dua, thiab vanillin yooj yim ua ke nrog nws. Yog li, cov nyhuv bacteriostatic ntawm cov kab mob gram-tsis zoo yog qhov muaj zog dua li ntawm cov kab mob gram-zoo. Qhov no kuj muaj feem xyuam rau cov duab ntawm cov kab mob. Qhov chaw saum npoo ntawm bacilli loj dua li ntawm cocci. Nws chav tsev tuaj yeem ua ke nrog ntau dua vanillin, yog li vanillin muaj cov nyhuv bacteriostatic zoo dua ntawm bacilli dua cocci. Ntxiv nrog rau kev muaj cov kab mob sib txawv rau cov kab mob sib txawv, qhov concentration ntawm vanillin kuj cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob. Qhov siab dua qhov concentration thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev dua, qhov ntau dua cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Deactivate cov enzymes tseem ceeb
Cov kab mob yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb. Txhua lub xovtooj qhia txog ntau yam haujlwm hauv lub neej vim muaj cov enzymes, thiab cov metabolism hauv lub cev tuaj yeem ua tiav. Proteins, RNA lossis lawv cov complexes uas catalyze cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb yog biocatalysts. Cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov enzymes feem ntau yog cov protein, thiab lawv cov dej num raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qee qhov kev mob sab nraud, xws li pH, ntsev ion concentration, kub, thiab lwm yam. Vanillin rhuav tshem cov cell membrane thiab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv ib puag ncig intracellular, indirectly inhibits kev ua ntawm enzymes. thiab cuam tshuam cov metabolism hauv cov hlwb. Piv txwv li, Vanillin yuav inhibit qhov kev ua ntawm DNA polymerase.
Inactivate genetic khoom los yog rhuav tshem cov qauv
Cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm cov kab mob feem ntau (cov kab mob uas muaj cov qauv ntawm tes thiab cov kab mob DNA) yog DNA, uas tuaj yeem coj kev sib txuas ntawm cov protein, yog li tswj cov metabolism thiab cov yam ntxwv lom. Vanillin tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov synthesis thiab kev qhia ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces thaum lub sij hawm qeeb microbial, uas tej zaum yuav yog vim kev puas tsuaj ntawm cell membrane, indirectly inhibiting enzymes koom nrog hauv synthesis thiab qhia cov khoom siv caj ces; Lwm cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias vanillin tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev qhia ntawm transporter mRNA hauv nas daim siab.
Kev nyab xeeb ntawm vanillin thiab teeb meem hauv daim ntawv thov:
Vanillin yog cov khoom xyaw ntuj thiab tau lees paub tias yog khoom noj khoom haus zoo dua. Vim tias qhov me me ntawm vanillin ntxiv rau hauv cov zaub mov, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev phom sij ntawm vanillin rau tib neeg lub cev tau pom los ntawm 2015. Hauv Suav teb, tsis muaj kev txwv rau kev ntxiv vanillin hauv lwm cov khoom, tshwj tsis yog tias tsis muaj vanillin tuaj yeem ua tau. kuaj pom hauv cov khoom noj rau cov menyuam mos hnub nyoog 0-6 hli.
Kev nyab xeeb ntawm vanillin yog ze ze rau nws cov yam ntxwv siv. Vanillin yog ib qho khoom noj khoom haus uas muaj ntau yam kev ua haujlwm thiab tuaj yeem ua si ntau lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov koob tshuaj tsawg. Vanillin tuaj yeem txo qis cov ntshav triglycerides thiab triglycerides ua ke nrog ntau yam lipoproteins hauv cov nas sim tom qab noj cov zaub mov txhua hnub, thiab kev siv cov vanillin zoo hauv kev txo cov ntshav lipids zoo ib yam nrog kev siv vanillin ua ib qho me me ntawm cov khoom noj ntxiv. hauv zaub mov. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias thaum nas noj cov tshuaj vanillin hauv qhov ncauj, qib ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant hauv cov ntshav nce ntxiv nrog qhov nce ntawm vanillin concentration, qhia tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant ntawm vanillin tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm ntau dua hauv kev kho mob niaj hnub. Yog li ntawd, vanillin tuaj yeem ua si ntau lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov koob tshuaj tsawg thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm nws txoj kev nyab xeeb siv.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv ntawm vanillin kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, uas yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev siv vanillin. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias thaum pineapple coated nrog vanillin zaj duab xis yog khaws cia ntawm 10 degree, VC cov ntsiab lus txo qis thiab qis dua li ntawm pawg tswj hwm. Txawm hais tias kev kho vanillin tuaj yeem txhim kho cov xim daj ntawm pineapple, nws ua rau kom pom kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab ua rau poob ntawm cov as-ham. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim hais tias vanillin nws tus kheej muaj cov mis nyuj muaj zog thiab tsis ruaj khov thaum raug tshav kub, nws tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom noj raw khoom. Hauv kev tsim khoom, tus nqi ntawm vanillin ntxiv yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj raws li qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag, thiab kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv tshuab thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum nruj me ntsis raws li tus qauv kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij rau kev hnov lus zoo ntawm cov zaub mov. Yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm vanillin tus yam ntxwv, nws tseem yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev tshawb fawb tob hauv nws cov txheej txheem, kev siv tshuab thiab lwm yam.