Muaj ob txoj hauv kevGABAsynthesis thiab transformation nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag: ib tug yog hais tias glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) catalyzes lub decarboxylation ntawm glutamate, uas yog hu ua shunt; Lwm qhov yog kev hloov pauv ntawm polyamine degradation khoom los tsim nws, uas yog hu ua polyamine degradation txoj kev.
Hauv cov nroj tsuag siab dua, nws cov metabolism feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm peb enzymes. Ua ntej, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm GAD, L-glutamic acid (Glu) nyob rau hauv - Ib qho irreversible decarboxylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim ntawm txoj hauj lwm los tsim nws, thiab ces nws reacts nrog pyruvate thiab pyruvate nyob rau hauv lub catalysis ntawm nws transaminase - Ketoglutarate reacts los tsim succinic. semialdehyde. Thaum kawg, succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) catalyzes oxidative dehydrogenation ntawm succinic semialdehyde los tsim succinic acid thiab thaum kawg nkag mus rau lub voj voog Krebs. Txoj kev metabolic no yog ib ceg ntawm TCA lub voj voog hu ua nws ceg.
Hauv cov nroj tsuag, GAD hauv cytoplasm thiab SSADH hauv mitochondria koom ua ke tswj nws txoj hauv kev metabolism, uas GAD yog tus nqi txwv enzyme rau nws cov synthesis. Nroj tsuag GAD muaj thaj tsam calmodulin (CAM) khi. GAD kev ua haujlwm tsis yog tsuas yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov concentration ntawm Ca2 ntxiv thiab H ntxiv tab sis kuj tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov concentration ntawm GAD coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) thiab substrate glutamate. Qhov kev tswj hwm ob txoj cai no txuas cov xov tooj ntawm tes uas muaj qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov hnyav ntawm ib puag ncig kev ntxhov siab. Txias poob siab, kub poob siab, osmotic siab, thiab cov neeg kho tshuab raug mob yuav ua rau kom cov concentration ntawm Ca2 ntxiv rau hauv cov kua cell. Ca2 ntxiv ua ke nrog cam los tsim Ca2 ntxiv / CAM complex, uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa GAD noob qhia thiab txhim kho GAD kev ua haujlwm raws li lub cev pH ib txwm muaj; Cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm acidic pH yog vim muaj kev ntxhov siab-txo cov pH ntawm pH hlwb thiab ua kom qeeb ntawm cov hlwb los ntawm acidity. ceg nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag yog suav hais tias yog lub ntsiab txoj kev ntawm nws synthesis. Cov kev tshawb fawb feem ntau tsom rau kev txhim kho GAD kev ua haujlwm thiab ua tiav nws qhov kev nplua nuj.
Polyamine (polyamine), putrescine (polyamine), thiab putrescine (polyamine), suav nrog putrescine (polyamine) thiab putrescine (polyamine). Txoj kev polyamine degradation yog hais txog cov txheej txheem uas diamine lossis polyamine (PAS) yog catalyzed los ntawm diamine oxidase (DAO) thiab polyamine oxidase (PAO) los tsim 4-aminobutyric thiab tom qab ntawd dehydrogenated los ntawm 4-aminobutyric dehydrogenase ( ua) los tsim nws. Txoj kev polyamine degradation thaum kawg cuam tshuam nrog ceg thiab koom nrog TCA voj voog metabolism. Diamine oxidase thiab polyamine oxidase yog cov enzymes tseem ceeb uas catalyze degradation ntawm muab tso, SPD, thiab SPM nyob rau hauv cov kab mob, feem. Thaum lub sij hawm germination ntawm Vicia faba, anaerobic kev nyuaj siab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov enzyme tseem ceeb ntawm polyamine synthesis thiab txhawb cov tsub zuj zuj ntawm polyamine. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txav ntawm polyamine oxidase kuj nce. Txoj kev polyamine degradation txhawb nqa cov synthesis thiab sib sau ua ke ntawm nws thiab txhim kho cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm Vicia faba. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm polyamines dawb hauv cov hauv paus qoob loo tau nce hauv qab ntsev kev nyuaj siab, kev ua haujlwm ntawm Dao nce ntxiv, thiab kev ua kom muaj zog nce ntxiv 11 ~ 17 npaug. Txawm hais tias txoj kev polyamine degradation yog suav tias yog lwm txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas, nws lub peev xwm los ua ke hauv cov nroj tsuag monocotyledonous yog qis dua li ntawm ceg.
Txau (200 mg / L) thaum lub sij hawm paj paj tuaj yeem kho cov membrane stability, ua kom muaj peev xwm antioxidant thiab txo qis cov nplej hauv qhov kub siab; Daim ntawv thov ntawm exogenous kuj muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm dib seedlings. Hyperthermia tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus neurons, qhib lub paj hlwb cholinergic, thiab ua kom lub cev kub. Nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias rau lub sijhawm ntev, kev txav ntawm cov neurons hauv hypothalamus yuav nce ntxiv kom haum rau ib puag ncig thiab tswj lub cev kub. Nws yuav ua rau cov ntshav nce ntxiv thiab inhibit qhov catecholamine concentration nyob rau hauv txias-sensitive nucleus plasma kom txo tau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm esophageal.
Qhov kub thiab txias yuav txo qhov muaj peev xwm biosynthetic ntawm cov nroj tsuag, cuam tshuam nrog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj mus tas li. Tsiaj txhu tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob lossis puas tsuaj ntau dua thaum qhov kub thiab txias. Kev nthuav qhia ntawm kev lom neeg uas yog upregulated nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj kub, muaj feem xyuam rau lub kam rau siab rau tsawg kub. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, 75 feem pua ntawm cov metabolites yuav nce, suav nrog cov amino acids, suab thaj, ascorbate, putrescine, thiab qee qhov tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. Cov amino acid metabolism koom nrog hauv lub zog metabolism thiab kev hloov pauv ntau ntawm cov enzymes yuav nce. Nws tuaj yeem tsim ATP thiab khaws GHB los ntawm kev txhim kho txoj hauv kev shunt. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv melatonin ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem khaws cov spermine, spermidine, thiab proline thiab txhawb kev qhia ntawm diamine oxidase. Nws yog synthesized los ntawm txoj kev putrescine, ua H2O2 tsub zuj zuj thiab phenylpropane txoj kev flux txo kom ua tiav los tiv thaiv corrosion thiab txias tsis kam.
nws tau ntev tau hais txog ntau yam kev ntxhov siab thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov nroj tsuag.it nce nrog cov stimulation ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws raug suav hais tias yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv cov nroj tsuag teb rau cov kev hloov pauv sab hauv, cov stimuli sab hauv, thiab ionic ib puag ncig, xws li pH, kub, thiab lwm yam yeeb ncuab stimuli. Nws tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov chaw sab hauv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation, ripening, thiab ua kom cov nroj tsuag tshiab. nws kuj tau pom nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag ua lub teeb liab molecule xa cov ntaub ntawv nthuav dav hauv xyoo tas los no. Nws tau pom nyob rau hauv taum pauv, Arabidopsis, jasmine, strawberry, thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag. Tsawg concentrations ntawm nws muaj
Nws kuj teb rau sab nraud acidification: nws nce sai hauv cov hlwb ntawm pH tsawg, thiab qhov sib txuam no kuj muaj nyob hauv cov kab mob thiab tsiaj txhu. Nyob rau hauv acidic pH, intracellular H ntxiv zus, thiab cov ntsiab lus intracellular nce. Lub synthesis noj H ntxiv, uas alleviates intracellular acidification. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sai no kuj muaj nyob hauv cov kab mob. Thaum tsim nws, nws yuav ua rau kom muaj kev nthuav qhia ntawm proton respiratory chain complex thiab txhawb ATP synthesis. Nws kuj txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm F1F0-ATP hydrolase thiab ua kom yooj yim rau ATP-dependent H ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem tawm hauv cov kua qaub. Hauv cov tsiaj, cov hlwb kuj tso tawm glutamate los hloov pH ntawm ib puag ncig extracellular. Tseem ceeb tshaj, nws yog zwitterionic nyob rau hauv lub physiological ib puag ncig, ua si ib tug tshwj xeeb lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv acid-base kev cai.GABAyog qhov tsim nyog rau cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, thiab nws yuav ua si lub luag haujlwm tsis sib xws ntawm cov concentrations siab.