Shaanxi BLOOM Tech Co., Ltd. yog ib qho ntawm cov tuam ntxhab thiab cov muag khoom ntawm 3-cyanoindole cas 5457-28-3 hauv Suav teb. Txais tos rau kev lag luam wholesale bulk zoo 3-cyanoindole cas 5457-28-3 muag ntawm no los ntawm peb lub hoobkas. Kev pabcuam zoo thiab tus nqi tsim nyog muaj.
3-CyanoindoleCov tshuaj formula C9H6N2, molecular hnyav 146.16 g/mol. Nws yog ib qho aromatic compound nrog benzene thiab indole rings. Hauv cov qauv molecular, nitrogen atoms txuas nrog carbon atoms ntawm lub nplhaib indole, thaum cyano (- CN) txuas nrog lub nplhaib benzene. Nws yog dawb mus rau lub teeb daj crystalline khoom. Nws cov tsos tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev sim thiab purity. Nws yog qhov sib xyaw nrog cov khoom fluorescent. Nws zoo siab los ntawm lub teeb ci ultraviolet (piv txwv li, nrog lub wavelength ntawm λ= 280} nm) tuaj yeem tso xiav rau xiav -ntsuab fluorescence. Qhov no muaj peev xwm siv tau tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw biomarkers thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov muag. Vim muaj cov pab pawg cyanide hauv nws cov molecules, nws muaj qee yam tshuaj reactivity. Nws tuaj yeem koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li kev hloov pauv nucleophilic, tshuaj tiv thaiv cyclization, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiolation. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov derivatives ntawm 3 Cyanoindole thiab siv rau thaj chaw xws li organic synthesis thiab tshuaj chemistry. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj analytical reagent hauv kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj. Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov complexes ruaj khov rau kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau ions.
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Tshuaj Formula |
C9H10ClNO2 |
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Exact Mass |
199 |
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Molecular Luj |
200 |
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m/z |
199 (100.0%), 201 (32.0%), 200 (9.7%), 202 (3.1%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 54,15; H, 5,05; 17,76; Kuv. N, 7,02; O, 16.03 Nws |
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Indole thiab nws cov derivatives yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov tebchaw nrog cov qauv tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm lom neeg nplua nuj, dav dav hauv cov xwm txheej, thiab ntau cov alkaloids muaj cov qauv nplhaib indole.3-Cyanindole, raws li ib qho tseem ceeb derivative ntawm indole, yog endowed nrog tshwj xeeb tshuaj thiab lub cev zog vim lub xub ntiag ntawm ob lub nplhaib indole thiab cyano pawg nrog tshwj xeeb tshuaj nyob rau hauv nws molecule, yog li qhia tau hais tias tseem ceeb daim ntawv thov nqi nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb. Kab lus no yuav tsom mus rau cov ntawv thov ntawm 3-cyanoindole hauv cov tshuaj, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, thiab cov organic synthesis.
Kev siv 3-cyanoindole hauv kev lag luam tshuaj
Raws li ib tug intermediate hauv tshuaj synthesis
Ntau lub tebchaw uas muaj kev tiv thaiv kabmob kheesxaws muaj cov qauv indole, thiab 3-cyanoindole muab cov khoom pib tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm qee yam indole topoisomerase inhibitors, 3-cyanoindole tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj molecular skeletons nrog cov tshuaj pharmacophores los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg xws li nucleophilic hloov, cyclization, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj topoisomerase inhibitors tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev rov ua dua thiab hloov cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, yog li ntawd. hlwb. 3-cyanoindole kuj tseem siv tau rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias qee cov tshuaj indole tau tsim los ntawm 3-cyanoindole muaj kev cuam tshuam rau ntau yam kab mob.
Raws li ib tug intermediate hauv tshuaj synthesis
Cov tebchaw no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov kab mob ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes, cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob protein synthesis, lossis cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob metabolic. Piv txwv li, qee cov quinolone derivatives uas muaj 3-cyanoindole cov qauv muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo tiv thaiv kab mob xws li Staphylococcus aureus thiab Escherichia coli. Hauv kev txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, 3-cyanoindole kuj muaj peev xwm siv tau. Qee cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke raws li 3-cyanoindole muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov enzymes tseem ceeb hauv cov kab mob sib kis, yog li thaiv cov kab mob sib kis thiab sib kis. Piv txwv li, rau HIV, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov qauv molecular ntawm cov tshuaj tsim nyog los tsim cov khoom sib txuas uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov haujlwm ntawm HIV rov qab transcriptase siv 3-cyanindole, uas muab cov tshuaj tshiab rau kev kho mob AIDS.
Ntxiv rau kev siv los ua ib qho khoom nruab nrab, 3-cyanoindole nws tus kheej kuj muaj qee yam kev ua lom lom. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias 3-cyanoindole muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qee cov qog cell kab, thiab nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav cuam tshuam rau inducing qog cell apoptosis, inhibiting qog cell proliferation ntsig txog kev taw qhia, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, 3-cyanoindole kuj nthuav tawm qee yam kev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov neeg kho mob inflammatory thiab alleviate inflammatory reactions, muab lub hauv paus theoretical rau nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev kho mob inflammatory kab mob.
Kev siv 3-cyanoindole hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb
3-cyanoindole muaj cov khoom fluorescent tshwj xeeb, thiab qhia nws mus rau hauv cov tshuab polymer tuaj yeem npaj cov khoom siv polymers nrog cov khoom fluorescent. Cov fluorescent polymers no muaj cov ntawv thov dav dav hauv thaj chaw xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob optoelectronic thiab cov duab kos duab lom neeg. Piv txwv li, los ntawm copolymerizing 3-cyanoindole monomer nrog rau lwm cov monomers tsim nyog, copolymer nrog zoo fluorescence zog tuaj yeem ua ke. Cov copolymer no tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov fluorescent sensors, uas tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov khoom tshwj xeeb xws li hlau ions thiab biomolecules los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas cov kev hloov hauv fluorescence siv. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, 3-cyanoindole tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev hloov kho tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization, kev taw qhia ntawm 3-cyanoindole qauv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom hluav taws xob thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, ib co polythiophene derivatives uas muaj 3-cyanoindole qauv qhia tau hais tias siab conductivity thiab zoo ib puag ncig stability, uas yuav siv tau los npaj cov ntaub ntawv electrode rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab xws li organic solar cells thiab supercapacitors.
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob organic
OLED, raws li hom tshiab ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis, muaj qhov zoo xws li kev tso tawm tus kheej, qhov sib txawv siab, thiab kev pom dav dav . 3-cyanoindole thiab nws cov derivatives tuaj yeem yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm OLED cov ntaub ntawv. Nws cov qauv molecular tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thauj khoom thiab cov khoom siv luminescence. Los ntawm kev tsim cov qauv molecular tsim nyog, cov khoom siv tau zoo thiab ruaj khov xiav luminescent tuaj yeem npaj tau, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav puv - xim OLED zaub. OFET yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nrog rau cov ntawv thov hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov tau yooj yim, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntse, thiab lwm qhov chaw . 3-cyanoindole raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo vim lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom sib txuam zoo heev. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov qauv molecular thiab nyias txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheem, kev ua haujlwm ntawm OFETs tuaj yeem txhim kho ntxiv, txhawb nqa lawv daim ntawv thov hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Nonlinear optical cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv cov teb xws li kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag thiab kev ua cov ntaub ntawv kho qhov muag. Lub kaw lus conjugated thiab muaj zog electron tshem tawm cyanide pawg nyob rau hauv 3-cyanoindole molecules endow nws nrog tej yam uas tsis yog-linear optical zog. Cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem hloov kho 3-cyanoindole, qhia cov khoom siv sib txawv, kho nws cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm qhov muag, thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv kho qhov muag tsis zoo rau kev hloov kho, hloov pauv zaus, thiab lwm yam haujlwm ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag. Cov ntaub ntawv Photochromic muaj peev xwm siv tau rau hauv thaj chaw xws li kev cia khoom kho qhov muag thiab hloov kho qhov muag. Qee qhov 3-cyanoindole derivatives nthuav tawm cov khoom siv photochromic, qhov twg cov qauv lossis hluav taws xob lub xeev ntawm cov molecule undergoes reversible hloov nyob rau hauv lub teeb, ua rau cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub kho qhov muag khoom ntawm cov khoom, xws li nqus spectrum, fluorescence emission, thiab lwm yam. Los ntawm kev siv cov yam ntxwv no, tshiab hom photochromic hloov cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua tau kom tiav cov ntaub ntawv thiab reconstruction. ntse tswj ntawm optical signals.
Kev phiv tshuaj
3-Cyanindoleyog ib qho organic compound nrog cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb, uas muaj kev siv dav hauv ntau yam xws li kev siv tshuaj, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, thiab kev tshawb fawb organic chemistry. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, nws tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas ntau yam bioactive molecules, uas tuaj yeem siv los tsim kev tiv thaiv - mob qog noj ntshav, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab lwm yam tshuaj; Hauv cov ntaub ntawv kev tshawb fawb, nws tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov khoom siv polymers, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob organic, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev ua kom tob zuj zus ntawm nws daim ntawv thov, tau muaj kev saib xyuas rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm 3-cyanoindole. Kev nkag siab zoo ntawm nws cov kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab siv cov khoom sib xyaw kom zoo. Hauv qab no yog nws cov lus piav qhia ntxaws:
Cov teebmeem tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig
Kev cuam tshuam rau dej ecosystems
Kev kuaj mob toxicity
Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias 3-cyanoindole muaj qee yam mob toxicity rau cov kab mob hauv dej. Hauv kev mob toxicity thwmsim tsom rau cov ntses, cov dej tsis muaj pob txha (xws li dej fleas), thiab algae, nws tau pom tias muaj qee qhov concentration ntawm 3-cyanoindole tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob no tuag lossis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev tsis zoo hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim ntawm hom ntses hom, thaum lub concentration ntawm 3-cyanoindole nyob rau hauv dej mus txog ib tug tej yam nqi, cov ntses yuav muaj cov tsos mob xws li ua pa sai thiab txawv txav ua luam dej, thiab tuag nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm.
Cov teebmeem mob toxic
Ntxiv rau qhov mob toxicity, 3-cyanoindole kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg mob ntev ntawm cov dej hauv dej. Lub sij hawm ntev raug rau qhov tsis tshua muaj siab ntawm 3-cyanoindole tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob, kev loj hlob, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hauv dej. Piv txwv li, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv dej yuav txo qis, thiab kev muaj sia nyob ntawm cov menyuam yaus yuav txo qis; Kev loj hlob ntawm algae yog inhibited, uas nyob rau hauv lem cuam tshuam rau cov zaub mov saw thiab ecological tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm tag nrho cov dej ecosystem.
Kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw thiab kev hloov pauv hauv dej ib puag ncig
Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv dej ib puag ncig, cov txheej txheem tsiv teb tsaws thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm 3-cyanoindole yuav cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev faib tawm thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm dej. Nws tuaj yeem txuas rau cov khoom tshem tawm hauv dej los ntawm adsorption thiab tsiv nrog cov dej ntws. Lub caij no, nyob rau hauv cov dej ib puag ncig, 3-cyanoindole tuaj yeem raug tshuaj lom neeg xws li hydrolysis thiab photolysis, tsim cov metabolites sib txawv. Cov toxicity thiab ib puag ncig tus cwj pwm ntawm cov metabolites no yuav txawv ntawm cov niam txiv sib txuas, thiab xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los ntsuas lawv cov kev cuam tshuam rau cov dej hauv dej.
Kev cuam tshuam rau Av Ecosystem
Kev cuam tshuam rau Av Microorganisms
Av microorganisms ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov av ecosystems, koom nrog cov txheej txheem xws li cov organic teeb meem decomposition thiab nutrient cycling. Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv av, 3-cyanoindole yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov av microbial zej zog. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tau pom tias muaj qee qhov concentration ntawm 3-cyanoindole tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob thiab kev ua haujlwm metabolic ntawm cov kab mob hauv av, hloov cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob microbial, thiab yog li cuam tshuam rau ecological muaj nuj nqi thiab fertility ntawm av.
Kev cuam tshuam rau Av Tsiaj
Cov tsiaj hauv av xws li cov kab mob hauv av yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov av ecosystems thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov av thiab kev sib npaug ntawm ecological . 3-cyanoindole tej zaum yuav muaj tshuaj lom rau cov tsiaj hauv av, cuam tshuam rau lawv txoj sia nyob, kev yug me nyuam, thiab kev coj cwj pwm. Piv txwv li, kev siv tshuaj ntau ntawm 3-cyanoindole tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob hauv av tuag, thaum lub sij hawm ntev raug rau cov tshuaj tsawg tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob av, yog li muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm av ecosystems.
Adsorption thiab degradation hauv av
Tus cwj pwm adsorption ntawm 3-cyanoindole hauv av tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws txoj kev txav mus los thiab bioavailability hauv av. Nws yuav raug adsorbed los ntawm cov av hais, thiab nws lub peev xwm adsorption cuam tshuam los ntawm yam xws li hom av thiab cov ntsiab lus organic. Lub caij no, 3-cyanoindole kuj tau ua cov txheej txheem degradation hauv av, suav nrog microbial degradation thiab tshuaj degradation. Nkag siab txog nws cov adsorption thiab degradation yam ntxwv hauv av yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas nws cov kev cuam tshuam mus sij hawm ntev rau cov av ecosystems thiab tsim cov kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig.
Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo
Hais txog tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv & Environmental yam
Kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm
Kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm nruj yuav tsum tau ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tuaj yeem ntsib nrog 3-cyanoindole ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Muab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog, xws li hnab looj tes tiv thaiv, tsom iav, lub ntsej muag roj, thiab lwm yam, kom txo tau cov tawv nqaij thiab ua pa. Txhim kho qhov cua thiab cua pauv hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm kom txo cov concentration ntawm 3-cyanoindole hauv huab cua. Kev kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tsis tu ncua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nws txoj kev loj
Kev siv tshuaj thiab kev siv tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig
Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, yog tias 3-cyanoindole siv los ua tshuaj nruab nrab lossis ncaj qha hauv kev txhim kho tshuaj, kev ua raws li kev tsim kho tshuaj thiab cov qauv siv yuav tsum ua raws li nruj. Ua kom muaj kev tshawb fawb txog preclinical txaus thiab kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kom paub meej txog nws txoj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo, txiav txim siab npaum li cas thiab cov tshuaj noj. Muab cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws rau cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo thiab kev ceev faj txhawm rau txhim kho lawv txoj kev noj tshuaj thiab kev muaj peev xwm saib xyuas tus kheej.
Txo emissions
Kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua kom txo tau cov emissions ntawm 3-cyanoindole rau hauv ib puag ncig thaum nws tsim, siv, thiab pov tseg. Txhim kho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, txhim kho kev siv cov khoom siv raw, thiab txo cov khoom pov tseg. Kev kho cov dej khib nyiab, tso pa tawm, thiab cov khib nyiab pov tseg uas muaj 3-cyanoindole kom ua tau raws li cov qauv emission.
Environmental Monitoring thiab Remediation
Tsim kom muaj kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig zoo, tsis tu ncua saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm 3-cyanoindole nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev tshaj tawm xws li dej thiab av, thiab tuav lub sij hawm tuav nws ib puag ncig kev faib tawm thiab kev hloov pauv. Rau ib puag ncig uas twb muaj kab mob 3-cyanoindole, cov txheej txheem kho kom tsim nyog xws li bioremediation, tshuaj kho, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tau txais kev pom zoo los txo cov concentration ntawm 3-cyanoindole hauv ib puag ncig thiab txo nws txoj kev puas tsuaj rau lub ecosystem.
FAQ
1. 3-cyanoindole yog dab tsi?
3-Cyanoindole yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj nyob hauv tsev neeg indole. Nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb yog tias pawg cyano (-C≡N) txuas mus rau qhov thib peb txoj haujlwm ntawm indole. Nws feem ntau yog daj ntseg daj rau txiv kab ntxwv crystalline hmoov.
2. Nws siv dab tsi hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb?
Hauv kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, 3-cyanoindole yog ib qho tseem ceeb hluavtaws nruab nrab. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm molecules nrog lom lom, xws li glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitors, HIV-1 integrase inhibitors, thiab tryptophan dioxygenase inhibitors raws li muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav modulators.
3. Yuav tsum ua li cas hauv chav kuaj?
Raws li kev tshawb fawb tshuaj, thaum tuav nws, cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog (xws li hnab looj tes thiab tsom iav) yuav tsum hnav hauv qhov chaw zoo - qhov cua. Nws raug nquahu kom kaw lub thawv thiab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav, deb ntawm oxidants.
Cim npe nrov: 3-cyanoindole CAS 5457-28-3, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom