Diphenic acidyog ib qho organic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula C14H10O4 thiab CAS 482-05-3. Nws yog cov hmoov dawb los yog daj me ntsis, qee zaum nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm flakes los yog muaju. Cov kua qaub yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej, tab sis yooj yim soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic xws li ethanol, ether, thiab acetone. Nws yog cov organic acid nrog acidity uas tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog cov hauv paus tsim cov ntsev. Nws kuj tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm lwm cov organic sib txuas, electroplating, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, raws li ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov organic compound, dibenzoic acid muaj cov ntawv thov dav dav hauv ntau qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias vim nws muaj toxicity thiab muaj peev xwm tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig, kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua thiab cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua raws thaum siv benzoic acid. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, kev siv benzoic acid kuj tseem nthuav dav thiab tob zuj zus, xav tau kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv thiab tshawb nrhiav cov ntawv thov tshiab.
(Cov khoom txuas: https://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/organic-intermediates/diphenic-acid-cas-482-05-3.html)
Cov kauj ruam ntxaws ntxaws thiab tshuaj sib npaug rau kev npaj ntawm dibenzoic acid los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium phenolate thiab chloroform nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob yog raws li nram no:
(1) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm C6H5ONa+3Cl + HeCl → C6H4COOH + NaCl+2H2O yog ib qho kev tawm tsam, uas cov phenoxy anion hauv sodium phenolate hloov nrog cov tshuaj chlorine atom hauv chloroform los tsim dibenzoic acid. thiab sodium chloride.
(2) Yog tias sulfuric acid siv los ua cov kua qaub, qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog: C6H5ONa+3Cl + H2SO4 → C6H4COOH + NaCl + SO2+2H2O. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no zoo ib yam li thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas cov hydrogen ions hauv sulfuric acid hloov nrog phenoxy anion hauv sodium phenolate los tsim dibenzoic acid thiab dej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tso cov roj sulfur dioxide.
1. Npaj reagents thiab khoom siv
Cov reagents thiab cov khoom yuav tsum muaj xws li: sodium phenolate, chloroform, acidic reagents (xws li hydrochloric acid los yog sulfuric acid), cov hlab ntsha cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov khoom sib tov, cov khoom siv cua sov, ntsuas kub, cov ntawv lim dej, ntxhua khaub ncaws, thiab cov khoom siv ziab.
2. Npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
(1) Ntxiv ib qho nyiaj ntawm sodium phenolate rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tom qab ntawd ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm chloroform thiab do sib npaug kom txog thaum cov sodium phenolate tau yaj tag hauv chloroform. Cov kauj ruam no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias sodium phenolate yog yaj tag hauv chloroform rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom ntej.
(2) Maj mam ntxiv acidic reagents, xws li hydrochloric acid los yog sulfuric acid, thiab kho tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau acidity. Cov kauj ruam no yog los kho cov acidity ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom yooj yim rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm acidic reagents yuav tsum tau qeeb kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov pauv sai ntawm pH tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
(3) Ua kom sov qhov sib tov rau qhov kub thiab txias, feem ntau ntawm 70-80 degree, los txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov kauj ruam no suav nrog cua sov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov kom nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tawm los. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov cua kub kub yuav tsum tsis txhob siab dhau heev lawm kom tsis txhob ua rau sab kev tshwm sim thiab txo cov purity ntawm cov khoom.
3. Teb
(1) Nyob rau hauv cov cua kub thiab nplawm, tuav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov kauj ruam no cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov ntawm ib qho kub thiab acidity los tsim dibenzoic acid. Thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau kev tswj kub thiab acidity los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom.
(2) Kev soj ntsuam cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv, cua sov thiab nplawm tuaj yeem nres thaum cov nag lossis daus tsis tuaj yeem lossis tus nqi tsim tawm qeeb heev. Cov kauj ruam no yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab seb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv puas tiav, los ntawm kev soj ntsuam qhov tsim ntawm precipitates los txiav txim seb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv puas tuaj yeem xaus. Yog hais tias cov sediment tsis tsim los yog tus nqi ntawm kev tsim qeeb qeeb, nws qhia tau hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ua tiav thiab cua sov thiab nplawm tuaj yeem nres.
4. Kev sib cais thiab kev huv
(1) Txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov rau hauv chav sov thiab tom qab ntawd lim tawm cov dej nag. Cov ntawv lim tuaj yeem siv los lim thiab sau cov av noo. Cov kauj ruam no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais cov nag lossis daus ntawm benzoic acid, thiab cais cov precipitate los ntawm kev daws los ntawm kev pom rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv.
Ntxuav cov khib nyiab nrog dej kom tshem tawm cov seem chloroform thiab acidic reagents los ntawm cov sediment. Cov kauj ruam no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntxuav cov sediment, uas tshem tawm cov impurities nyob rau hauv cov sediment los ntawm rinsing nrog dej los txhim kho cov purity ntawm cov khoom.
(2) Qhuav cov dej ntxuav hauv cov khoom siv ziab kom tau cov khoom siv benzoic acid qhuav. Cov kauj ruam no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm ziab cov precipitate, tshem tawm cov dej noo los ntawm cov khoom ziab kom tau cov khoom qhuav benzoic acid. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaum lub sij hawm ziab txheej txheem, kub thiab av noo yuav tsum tau tswj kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom deterioration los yog puas.
Dibenzoic acid plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog lwm cov tshuaj, nws tuaj yeem tsim kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab zoo ib puag ncig kev tu thiab kho qhov chaw, dav siv hauv kev tu thiab kho cov ntaub ntawv xws li hlau, iav, ceramics, thiab lwm yam. ntawm kev kho deg, muab kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom nto.
1. Cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab kho qhov chaw: Diphenyl formic acid plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab kho qhov chaw. Nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog lwm yam khoom siv los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg tu thiab kho qhov chaw, thiab siv dav hauv kev tu thiab kho cov ntaub ntawv xws li hlau, iav, ceramics, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev kho hlau nto, dibenzoic acid tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob passivation. Los ntawm reacting nrog cov hlau nto los ua ib tug ntom oxide zaj duab xis, corrosion kuj ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho zoo. Qhov kev siv tshuab passivation no muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev tsim thiab ua cov khoom siv hlau, xws li kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau xws li steel, aluminium, tooj liab, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, benzoic acid kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua ke nrog lwm yam khoom siv los tsim ntau yam tshuaj ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov tshuaj ntxuav tu thiab cov tshuaj kho saum npoo no muaj kev ua tau zoo hauv kev tu, tiv thaiv xeb, thiab txhim kho gloss, thiab tsim nyog rau kev tu thiab kho qhov chaw xav tau hauv ntau yam xwm txheej. Piv txwv li, hauv kev ntxuav cov iav thiab cov khoom siv ceramic, dibenzoic acid tuaj yeem ua ke nrog surfactants thiab lwm yam khoom siv los ua tus neeg saib xyuas zoo thiab ib puag ncig zoo, tshem tawm cov stains thiab impurities, rov kho cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj.
2. Catalysts thiab cov neeg txhawb nqa: Dibenzoic acid ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj zog thiab txhawb nqa cov tshuaj lom neeg, ua kom nrawm thiab tswj ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg. Nws muaj ntau yam catalytic zog thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua oxidant, txo tus neeg sawv cev, acid-base catalyst, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog dav siv hauv organic synthesis, inorganic synthesis, polymerization thiab lwm yam tshuaj.
Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation, dibenzoic acid tuaj yeem ua oxidant rau oxidize hydrogen atoms lossis carbon carbon bonds hauv cov organic molecules rau hauv hydroxyl lossis carboxyl pawg. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation no muaj ntau heev hauv cov organic synthesis, xws li oxidation ntawm cawv thiab aldehydes, thiab epoxidation ntawm olefins. Los ntawm kev siv benzoic acid ua oxidant, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi thiab kev xaiv tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo, cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem yooj yim, thiab purity thiab yield ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem txhim kho.
Hauv kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, dibenzoic acid tuaj yeem ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis kom txo cov pa roj carbon ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv cov organic molecules rau hauv ib daim ntawv cog lus. Qhov kev txo qis no yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib txuas ntawm olefins thiab alkynes, xws li txo cov olefins rau alkanes, txo alkynes rau olefins, thiab lwm yam. Los ntawm kev siv benzoic acid ua ib qho kev txo qis, txo cov pa roj carbon ob daim ntawv cog lus tuaj yeem ua tiav, txhim kho. cov khoom tawm los thiab simplifying cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, dibenzoic acid kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua cov kua qaub-puag catalyst thiab txhawb qee cov organic tshuaj. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv organic xws li esterification, hydrolysis, thiab dej cawv, txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev xaiv. Los ntawm kev siv benzoic acid ua cov kua qaub-puag catalyst, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub thiab siab tuaj yeem txo, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem yooj yim, thiab purity thiab yield ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem txhim kho.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, dibenzoic acid muaj ntau yam catalytic zog nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab yuav siv tau raws li ib tug oxidant, txo tus neeg sawv cev, acid-base catalyst, thiab lwm yam. txheej txheem. Yog li ntawd, benzoic acid muaj cov ntawv thov dav dav hauv kev lag luam chemical, kev lag luam tshuaj, thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, muab kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas thiab tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam tshuaj.