2-Dimethylaminoisopropyl chloride(txuas:https://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/organic-intermediates/2-dimethylaminoisopropyl-chloride.html) yog ib qho organic compound nrog ntau yam siv. Ntxiv rau nws cov ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, thiab kev lag luam, 2-Dimethylaminoisopropyl chloride kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb ib puag ncig. DMAP-Cl yog ib qho quaternary ammonium ntsev reagent nrog ntau daim ntawv thov. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua alkylation thiab nucleophilic reagents rau quaternary ammonium ntsev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog rau cov tshuaj nruab nrab rau qee yam tshuaj. Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev sib txuas rau cov khoom no, thiab peb lub chaw soj nstuam feem ntau siv txoj hauv kev kom tau txais cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Muaj ob peb txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb rau kev siv.
Txoj Kev 1:
2-Dimethylamine isopropyl chloride hydrochloride (DMAP Cl) yog ib qho quaternary ammonium ntsev reagent nrog ntau yam kev siv. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua alkylation thiab nucleophilic reagents rau quaternary ammonium ntsev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog rau cov tshuaj nruab nrab rau qee yam tshuaj. Nws tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm N, N-dimethylpropanediamine thiab ethyl hydrochlorite. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav tsum tau ua raws li catalysis ntawm antimony trichloride. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li nram no:
Chemical Equation:
N. N-dimethylpropanediamine+2 HCl + SbCl3 → 2-Dimethylaminoisopropyl chloride hydrochloride + SbCl5
C6H16NCl · HCl=C6H16NCl2+H2O
Lus Cim: SbCl5 nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug saum toj no yog ib qho byproduct uas tuaj yeem raug tso tseg thaum sib cais cov organic theem.
Khoom siv:
N. N-Dimethylpropanediamine (DMAE, analytically ntshiab)
Antimony trichloride (SbCl3, analytical ntshiab)
Ethyl hydrogen chlorate (HClEt, analytical ntshiab)
Anhydrous ether (analytical ntshiab)
Acetone (kev tsom xam ntshiab)
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH, analytical ntshiab)
Dej (deionized dej los yog dej distilled)
Npaj cov reagents cais rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej.
Kauj ruam:
1. Ntxiv 15 mL ntawm anhydrous ether, 6 mL N, N-dimethylpropanediamine, thiab 0.65 g ntawm antimony trichloride rau ib lub raj mis qhuav plaub caj dab.
2. Do kom txog thaum antimony trichloride yog yaj tag, sib sau ua ke.
3. Maj mam ntxiv 10 mL ntawm ethyl chlorate rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov, thaum ntxiv cov sib nqus stirrer, thiab txuas ntxiv stirring rau 30 feeb. Thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov khoom dawb yuav precipitate tawm.
4. Hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov mus rau qhuav 500 mL sib cais funnel thiab cais cov organic solvent theem nyob rau hauv qab txheej.
5. Ntxuav ob zaug nrog sodium hydroxide tov, thiab neutralize txhua zaus nrog 50 mL ntawm aqueous tov.
6. Tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj los ntawm cov theem organic kom tau txais cov khoom siv dawb ntawm 2-Dimethylamine isopropyl chloride hydrochloride.
7. Lim cov khoom poob rau ntawm daim ntawv lim thiab ntxuav nws nrog acetone.
8. Cov khoom DMAP-Cl tau los ntawm kev ziab tuaj yeem ua tiav siv lub tshuab nqus tsev ziab hauv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws.
Txoj Kev 2:
Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm N, N-dimethylamino-2-chloropropane hydrochloride tau los ntawm chlorinating 1-dimethylamino-2-propanol nrog sulfoxide chloride yog raws li nram no:
Cov tshuaj sib npaug sib npaug rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no yog:
DMAP + SOCl2 → N, N-Dimethylamino -2-chloropropane ntsev + HCl ntsev + SO2
Ntawm lawv, DMAP yog cov ntawv luv rau 1-dimethylamino-2-propanol, N, N-Dimethylamino-2-chloropropane ntsev sawv cev N, N-dimethylamino-2- chloropropane ntsev, HCl ntsev sawv cev hydrogen chloride ntsev, thiab SO2 sawv cev rau sulfur dioxide.
1. Nyob rau hauv stirring, 1-dimethylamino-2-propanol (abbreviated li DMAP) yog ntxiv rau sulfoxide chloride (SOCl2) los ua ib homogeneous tov.
2. Do cov tshuaj homogeneous ntawm chav tsev kub rau ib lub sij hawm kom cia cov tshuaj chlorination mus tas li.
3. Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, qhov ua tiav ntawm cov tshuaj chlorination yog txiav txim los ntawm titration.
4. Ntxiv cov alkali tsim nyog, xws li sodium hydroxide (NaOH) los yog potassium hydroxide (KOH), thiab neutralize cov generated hydrochloric acid thiab hydrogen chloride kom tau N, N-dimethylamino-2-chloropropane ntsev.
5. Sib cais cov khoom N, N-dimethylamino-2-chloropropane ntsev los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm distillation lossis lwm txoj kev sib cais tsim nyog.
Txoj Kev 3:
Cov hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws thiab cov qauv tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm N, N-dimethylpropanediamine nrog tshuaj dawb huv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sodium acetylacetate, ua raws li kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sodium hydroxide, kom tau txais {{1 }} Dimethylaminopropyl chloride hydrochloride:
1. Ua ntej, ntxiv N, N-dimethylpropanediamine (abbreviated li DMMA) thiab sodium acetylacetate rau lub reactor, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov dej uas tsim nyog. DMMA yog ib qho organic compound nrog quaternary ammonium ntsev qauv, thaum sodium acetylacetate yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tshav kub qhov sib tov nyob rau hauv nplawm kom reflux kub (kwv yees li 80 degree) thiab tswj nws ntawm qhov kub thiab txias li 2 teev, cia DMMA thiab sodium acetylacetate ua rau tag nrho cov teb.
2. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem no, DMMA reacts nrog bleaching hmoov (feem ntau sodium hypochlorite los yog sodium hypochlorite generated los ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine gas nrog sodium hydroxide) los tsim 2-Dimethylaminoisopropyl chloride hydrochloride. Qhov kev sib npaug tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb yog:
CH3-CH (COOCH3) - COOH+CH3-N (CH3) - CH2CH3 → CH3-CH (COOCH3) - N (CH3) - CH2CH3+H2O
3. Tom ntej no, ntxiv sodium hydroxide rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no, kho tus nqi pH rau alkaline (xws li pH =9), thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom sov rau qhov kub thiab txias (kwv yees li 80 degree) hauv qab nplawm, thiab tswj qhov kub ntawm no rau kwv yees li 2 teev los ua kom cov ntsev ammonium tsim tawm los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tau txais 2-Dimethylaminoisopropyl chloride hydrochloride.
Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no, sodium hydroxide yog siv los ua alkaline catalyst los txhawb kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev, tsim kom muaj 2-Dimethylamine isopropyl chloride hydrate. Qhov kev sib npaug tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb yog:
CH3-CH (COOCH3) - N (CH3) - CH2CH3+NaOH → CH3-N (CH3) - CH2CH2Cl · HCl+CH3-CH (COONa) - COONa
Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no, sodium acetylacetate yog siv los ua cov khoom siv los txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm N, N-dimethylpropanediamine thiab bleaching hmoov; Sodium hydroxide yog siv los tswj tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab txhawb kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev. Los ntawm kev tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub, sijhawm, pH tus nqi, thiab lwm yam kev mob, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua kom zoo los txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig thiab purity ntawm 2-Dimethylamine isopropyl chloride.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj cua sov thiab roj ntau, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb tsim nyog kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv cov tshuaj bleaching hmoov thiab sodium hydroxide raws li raw cov ntaub ntawv kuj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau kev nyab xeeb thiab cia teeb meem.
Feem ntau, los ntawm reacting N, N-dimethylpropanediamine nrog tshuaj dawb huv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sodium acetylacetate, ua raws li los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sodium hydroxide, 2-Dimethylaminoisopropyl chloride tuaj yeem npaj tau. Txoj kev no muaj cov txiaj ntsig siab thiab purity, thiab yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev npaj 2-Dimethylamine isopropyl chloride hydrochloride.