Shaanxi BLOOM Tech Co., Ltd. yog ib qho ntawm cov tuam ntxhab thiab cov muag khoom ntawm scopolamine hydrobromide hmoov cas 114-49-8 hauv Suav teb. Txais tos rau cov lag luam wholesale bulk zoo scopolamine hydrobromide hmoov cas 114-49-8 muag ntawm no los ntawm peb lub hoobkas. Kev pabcuam zoo thiab tus nqi tsim nyog muaj.
Scopolamine hydrobromide hmoovyog cov tshuaj qib tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke ntawm tsev neeg tropane alkaloid, muab los ntawm cov nroj tsuag nightshade genus Solanum lossis Datura. Nws yog xim dawb rau tawm -dawb, crystalline hmoov, soluble hauv dej thiab cawv, ua rau nws muaj ntau yam kev siv tshuaj kho mob. Feem ntau paub txog nws cov tshuaj anticholinergic thiab sedative, Tranaxine ua rau lub hauv paus paj hlwb (CNS) cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm acetylcholine, neurotransmitter tseem ceeb rau ntau lub cev ua haujlwm nrog rau kev nco, kev kawm, thiab kev tswj cov leeg.
Hauv daim ntawv thov kev kho mob, nws feem ntau yog siv los ua ua ntej - tshuaj loog kom txo tau kev ntxhov siab thiab kev zais hauv cov hlab ntsws ua ntej kev phais. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo qhov xeev siab thiab ntuav cuam tshuam nrog kev mob kev ua haujlwm, rov qab ua haujlwm tom qab, lossis qee yam mob xws li tshuaj khomob. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev phiv xws li qaug zog, qhov muag tsis pom kev, thiab kev nco tsis tau (tshwj xeeb yog "qhov ncauj qhuav" lossis anticholinergic syndrome), nws siv nruj me ntsis tswj thiab tshuaj los ntawm cov kws kho mob.
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Tshuaj Formula |
C17H22BrNO4 |
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Exact Mass |
383.07 |
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Molecular Luj |
384.27 |
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m/z |
383.07 (100.0%), 385.07 (97.3%), 386.07 (17.9%), 384.08 (16.2%), 384.08 (2.2%), 387.08 (1.2%), 385.08 (1.1%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 53,14; H, 5,77; Ib., 20.79; N, 3,65; 16.65 Nws |
txheej txheem synthesis
Trost synthesis txoj kev
Scopolamine hydrobromide hmoovyog ib hom tropane alkaloid, thiab nws cov synthesis feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj lom neeg, tshwj xeeb yog kev tsim kho ntawm chiral centres thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pab pawg ua haujlwm.
Hais txog qhov hais txog "Trost synthesis method", txawm hais tias nws tsis yog siv ncaj qha rau kev sib txuas ntawm tranaxine, xibfwb Trost thiab nws pab pawg koom tes hauv kev ua haujlwm asymmetric catalysis tau muab qhov ua tau zoo thiab xaiv cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm ntau cov organic molecules.
Xaiv cov khoom pib thiab hloov ua ntej
- Feem ntau, nws tsis pib ncaj qha los ntawm dichloromethane, tab sis los ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab uas muaj cov pab pawg tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, benzene nplhaib sib txuas uas muaj cov khoom siv hloov pauv tau yooj yim methyl lossis halogen tuaj yeem siv tau.
- Ua Friedel Crafts acylation los yog alkylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhia tshwj xeeb sab chains lossis pab pawg ua haujlwm, thiab nteg lub hauv paus rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej.
Tsim cov pob txha ntawm tropane
- Cov kauj ruam no yog lub hauv paus ntawm synthesizing scopolamine thiab nws cov analogues, feem ntau muaj ntau yam kev cuam tshuam nrog rau cyclization, txo qis, kev ua haujlwm pab pawg hloov pauv, thiab lwm yam.
- Cov pob txha yooj yim ntawm tropane tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab lossis lwm cov khoom nruab nrab los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li cycloaddition, oxidation, txo, thiab lwm yam.
Kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov pab pawg ua haujlwm
- Tom qab tau txais cov pob txha ntawm tropane, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo ntxiv rau nws cov pab pawg ua haujlwm kom tau raws li cov txheej txheem ntawm scopolamine.
- Qhov no yuav suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li esterification, acylation, amination, halogenation, nrog rau kev tsim kho chiral center lossis kev saib xyuas.
Thaum kawg hloov dua siab tshiab thiab purification
- Tom qab cov kauj ruam saum toj no, cov khoom tau txais yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau hauv tranaxine.
- Qhov no yuav koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog hydrobromic acid los qhia bromide ions thiab ib txhij tsim cov ntsev.
- Thaum kawg, siab -purity tranaxine tau txais los ntawm txoj kev ua kom huv huv tsim nyog xws li recrystallization, chromatographic sib cais, thiab lwm yam.
Robinson synthesis method
Feem ntau, morphine tsis yog siv ncaj qha los ua cov khoom pib vim tias muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv tshuaj ntawm scopolamine thiab morphine. Cov ntaub ntawv pib ntau dua tuaj yeem ua ntej ntawm tropinone lossis lwm yam alkaloids.
Los ntawm oxidation, txo, cyclization thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam, cov khoom pib hloov mus rau hauv cov tebchaw uas muaj cov pob txha tropane.
Qhia cov pab pawg tsim nyog xws li hydroxyl, ester, thiab amine pawg mus rau lub caj qaum ntawm tropane kom ua tau raws li cov qauv kev cai ntawm scopolamine.
Cov kauj ruam no yuav koom nrog ntau- cov kauj ruam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li acylation, alkylation, oxidation, thiab lwm yam.
Scopolamine yog ib qho chaw sib xyaw nrog lub chaw chiral, yog li kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau kev tsim kho thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm lub chaw chiral thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem.
Advanced technologies xws li asymmetric catalysis yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov kev xaiv zoo heev.
Tom qab cov kauj ruam saum toj no, cov khoom tau txais yuav tsum tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv scopolamine.
Thaum kawg, nws reacts nrog hydrobromic acid los tsim tranaxine.
High purity tranaxine tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev ua kom huv si tsim nyog xws li recrystallization, chromatographic sib cais, thiab lwm yam.
muscarinic receptors
Muscarinic receptors yog ib chav kawm ntawm G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho cov kev ua ntawm neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) hauv ob qho tib si hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb (CNS) thiab lub paj hlwb peripheral (PNS). Lawv muaj npe tom qab alkaloid muscarine, qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim uas ua rau cov teebmeem ntawm ACh ntawm cov receptors.
Muaj tsib qhov loj subtypes ntawm muscarinic receptors, raug xaiv los ua M1 rau M5, txhua tus muaj cov ntaub so ntswg sib txawv thiab lub luag haujlwm ua haujlwm. M1 receptors feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv CNS, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub cortex thiab hippocampus, uas lawv tswj cov txheej txheem kev txawj ntse, arousal, thiab nco. M2 receptors muaj ntau nyob rau hauv lub plawv, qhov chaw uas lawv inhibit lub plawv dhia thiab contractility, thiab nyob rau hauv lub CNS, uas lawv modulate neurotransmitter tso tawm.
M3 receptors feem ntau yog qhia nyob rau hauv cov nqaij leeg, xws li cov uas pom nyob rau hauv lub zais zis, plab, thiab cov hlab cua, kho kom haum xeeb contraction thiab secretory teb. M4 receptors kuj tseem muaj nyob rau hauv CNS, koom nrog hauv kev hloov pauv neurotransmitter tso tawm thiab pab txhawb rau kev txawj ntse. Thaum kawg, M5 receptors tsis tshua zoo- nkag siab tab sis xav tias yuav koom nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm lipid metabolism thiab kev tso tawm insulin.
Dysregulation ntawm muscarinic receptor signaling tau cuam tshuam rau ntau yam teeb meem, suav nrog Alzheimer's kab mob, Parkinson's kab mob, schizophrenia, thiab qee yam mob plawv. Yog li ntawd, muscarinic receptor antagonists thiab agonists yog cov hom phiaj kho mob tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob ntawm cov mob no, muab ib txoj hauv kev los hloov kho lub cev cov lus teb rau ACh thiab rov ua kom sib npaug rau cov txheej txheem physiological tseem ceeb.
Scopolamine hydrobromideyog ib qho tshuaj anticholinergic uas ua rau muaj ntau yam tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev thaiv M-cholinergic receptors, thiab nws siv los npog ntau qhov chaw kho mob.
Cov chaw kho mob tseem ceeb: cov leeg nqaij du thiab glandular secretion inhibition
Smooth nqaij spasm ntsig txog kab mob
Gastrointestinal colic: Los ntawm thaiv cov M-cholinergic receptors nyob rau hauv cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm txoj hnyuv, cov nyhuv excitatory ntawm acetylcholine yog txo, thiab mob spastic relieved. Feem ntau siv rau mob plab los ntawm kev chim siab plob tsis so tswj syndrome, postoperative plab hnyuv plab, thiab lwm yam.
Lub gallbladder thiab lub raum colic: txo cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm lub plab thiab cov zis, thiab txo qhov mob los ntawm cholecystitis, gallstones, los yog raum pob zeb.
Bronchial spasm: dilates lub bronchi thiab pab nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm mob hawb pob tawm tsam los yog mob heev exacerbations ntawm mob obstructive pulmonary kab mob (COPD).
inhibition ntawm glandular secretion
Kev tswj xyuas ua ntej siv tshuaj loog: Txo cov qog ua kua qaub, cov qog bronchial, thiab cov qog hws kom tiv thaiv kev nqhis dej thiab kev ua pa ntawm txoj hlab pas thaum siv tshuaj loog.
Salivation: Tswj cov qaub ncaug ntau dhau los ntawm Parkinson tus kab mob lossis cov tshuaj phiv tshuaj, thiab txhim kho lub neej zoo ntawm cov neeg mob.
Hyperhidrosis: Inhibits hws qog secretion thiab alleviates zos los yog systemic hyperhidrosis.
Kev kho mob tshwj xeeb: cov teebmeem hauv nruab nrab thiab peripheral synergistic
Motion sickness (mob qaug zog, seasickness, airsickness)
Mechanism: Los ntawm inhibiting lub excitability ntawm lub vestibular nucleus thiab cerebellar reticular tsim, nws txo cov xeev siab thiab ntuav los ntawm ntau stimulation ntawm lub vestibular kab mob nyob rau hauv lub puab pob ntseg.
Kev Siv: Cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm qhov ncauj lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (xws li cov tshuaj hydrobromic acid scopolamine thaj) yuav tsum tau siv rau thaj chaw tsis muaj plaub hau tom qab pob ntseg 4 teev ua ntej tsav tsheb, thiab cov nyhuv tuaj yeem kav ntev li 12-72 teev.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo: Kev siv ua ke nrog diphenhydramine tuaj yeem txhim kho kev kho mob, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam thawj zaug ntawm kev tswj qhov ncauj.
Tremor paralysis (Parkinson tus kab mob)
Mechanism: Raws li cov tshuaj anticholinergic hauv nruab nrab, nws tswj qhov sib npaug ntawm dopamine thiab acetylcholine nyob rau hauv substantia nigra striata txoj kev, txhim kho kev so tshee thiab cov leeg nqaij rigidity.
Ceeb Toom: Nws yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog levodopa, vim tias nws cov txiaj ntsig raug txwv thaum siv ib leeg thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws.
Manic kev puas siab puas ntsws
Mechanism: Relieve excitement, aggressive cwj pwm, thiab pw tsaug zog mob thaum lub sij hawm manic episodes los ntawm central inhibitory teebmeem.
Kev txwv: Tam sim no, nws tsis yog thawj - cov tshuaj kab thiab feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho mob ntxiv lossis rau cov neeg mob uas tsis haum rau lwm yam tshuaj.
Kev pab ua ntej thiab kev kho tshuaj lom: kev txhawb nqa lub neej thiab kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom
Septic shock
Mechanism: nthuav cov hlab ntsha peripheral, ua kom cov ntshav khiav, txhim kho microcirculation, thaum txhawb lub chaw ua pa thiab txhim kho cov ntaub so ntswg oxygen.
Kev Siv: Kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, ntshav siab thiab lub plawv dhia yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tsis txhob mob plawv ntau dhau.
Organophosphorus tshuaj lom tshuaj lom
Mechanism: Raws li ib qho tshuaj anticholinergic, nws tiv thaiv cov tsos mob muscarinic xws li cov menyuam kawm ntawv constriction, bronchospasm, salivation, thiab raws plab.
Kev Siv: Siv ua ke nrog acetylcholinesterase activators (xws li chlorpromazine), muab tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, nrog rau cov tshuaj kho raws li qib ntawm toxicity mus txog rau "atropine nyiam" (lub qhov ncauj qhuav, tawv nqaij qhuav, nce plawv dhia).
Ceeb Toom: Kev soj ntsuam ze ntawm tus mob yog qhov tsim nyog kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau (delirium, convulsions) lossis ua pa nyuaj.
Ophthalmic daim ntaub ntawv: kev kho mob hauv zos thiab contraindications
Iridocyclitis
Mechanism: Lub qhov muag hauv zos tuaj yeem nthuav dav rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv, tiv thaiv tom qab adhesion ntawm iris, thiab txo cov kev mob tshwm sim.
Kev siv: 1-2 zaug hauv ib hnub, nrog rau cov tub ntxhais kawm dilated kav ntev li 7-10 hnub, thaum lub teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum zam.
Taboo: Tsis pom zoo rau cov neeg mob uas muaj lub kaum sab xis stenosis lossis glaucoma, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub kaum sab xis kaw glaucoma.
Lwm yam kev siv: Interdisciplinary tshawb nrhiav
Preoperative npaj rau kev kuaj endoscopic
Lub Hom Phiaj: Txhawm rau txo cov plab hnyuv peristalsis thiab pab txhawb kev zom zaub mov, colonoscopy, lossis ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) cov txheej txheem.
Qhov zoo: Kev siv ua ke nrog cov tshuaj antispasmodics xws li scopolamine tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nyhuv.
postoperative ileus
Mechanism: Txhawb txoj kev rov qab los ntawm plab hnyuv peristalsis thiab txo lub sij hawm rau txoj hnyuv ua haujlwm rov qab.
Ceeb Toom: Siv tsuas yog tom qab txiav txim qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv tshuab.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv
- Van der Waals yuam kev sib cuam tshuam
Lub nplhaib benzene thiab tsib tus tswv cuab heterocyclic nplhaib hauvscopolamine hydrobromide hmoovob leeg muaj ib nrab polarity, ua rau van der Waals quab yuam kev cuam tshuam nrog ib puag ncig molecules, tsim intermolecular attraction.
- Ester daim ntawv cog lus
Cov pawg carboxylic acid nyob rau hauv tranaxine molecules raug esterification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog ethanol molecules, tsim ester bonds. Qhov tsim ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ester no, rau qee yam, ua rau muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tranaxine molecule.
- Pyridine heterocycles
Lub hauv paus ntawm tranaxine molecule yog nitrogen -muaj rau 6 tus tswv cuab heterocycle (pyridine nplhaib). Kuj tseem muaj pawg carboxylic acid thiab pawg methoxy ntawm lub nplhaib pyridine, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov nyhuv anticholinergic.
- Quad Ring
Lub tranaxine molecule muaj cov qauv quaternary nplhaib uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog μ Hom I opioid receptors khi rau kev siv tshuaj loog los tiv thaiv.
- Hydroxy thiab methoxy pawg
Tranaxine molecules kuj muaj ntau pawg hydroxyl thiab methoxy. Cov pab pawg ua haujlwm no muaj qee yam hydrolytic zog thiab tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cholinesterase los tsim cov nyhuv anticholinergic.
Cim npe nrov: scopolamine hydrobromide hmoov cas 114-49-8, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom